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Joe Foss
Joseph Jacob "Joe" Foss (April 17, 1915 – January 1, 2003) was a United States Marine Corps major and the leading Marine fighter ace in World War II, and a Medal of Honor recipient, recognizing his role in the air combat during the Guadalcanal Campaign.
In postwar years, he was an Air National Guard brigadier general, the 20th governor of South Dakota, president of the National Rifle Association, the first commissioner of the American Football League, and a television broadcaster.
==Early years==
Foss was the eldest son of Olouse and Mary Lacey Foss, born in an unelectrified farmhouse near Sioux Falls, South Dakota. At age 12 he visited an airfield in Renner to see Charles Lindbergh on tour with his aircraft, the Spirit of St. Louis. Four years later, he and his father paid $1.50 apiece to take their first aircraft ride in a Ford Trimotor at Black Hills Airport with a famed South Dakota aviator, Clyde Ice.〔
In March 1933, while coming back from the fields during a storm, his father died when he drove over a downed electrical cable and was electrocuted as he stepped out of his automobile.〔Bauer January 1990, p. 20〕 Young Foss, not yet 18 years old, pitched in with his mother and brother Cliff to continue running the family farm.〔 Farming was made difficult by dust storms, which over the next two years took its toll on crops and livestock. After watching a Marine Corps aerial team, led by Capt. Clayton Jerome, perform aerobatics in open-cockpit biplanes, he was determined to become a Marine aviator.〔 Foss worked at a service station to pay for books and college tuition, and to begin flight lessons from Roy Lanning, at the Sioux Skyway Airfield in 1938, scraping up $65 to pay for the instruction. His younger brother took over the management of the farm and allowed Foss to go back to school and graduate from Washington High School in Sioux Falls. He graduated from the University of South Dakota in 1939 with a degree in business administration.〔() ''WWII ace Joe Foss dies at 87''〕 While at USD, Foss and other like-minded students convinced authorities to set up a CAA flying course at the university; he built up 100 flight hours by graduation.〔 Foss paid his way through university by "bussing" tables. He joined the Sigma chapter of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity and excelled at sports in USD, fighting on the college boxing team, participating as a member of the track team and as a second-string guard on the football team.〔〔("Medal of Honor recipients." ) ''2011 North-American Interfraternity Conference'' via ''nicindy.org,'' 2011. Retrieved: August 3, 2011〕 Foss served as a Private in the 147th Field Artillery, Sioux Falls, South Dakota National Guard from 1937 to 1940. By 1940, armed with a pilot certificate and a college degree, Foss hitchhiked to Minneapolis to enlist in the Marine Corps Reserves, in order to join the Naval Aviation Cadet program to become a Naval Aviator.〔Sims 1969, p. 32〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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